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The Indian Removal Act of 1830 established territories reserved for the various tribes, including those forced to relocate from east of the Mississippi. This is one of the earliest maps of these territories, this map accompanied a Congressional report on the tribes and their situation in the west. Carl Wheat was impressed with this map and in Mapping of the TransMississippi West, remarks that the map "not only showed the various Indian Land assignments, by tribes, west of the Arkansas and Missouri, following McCoy, but its maker used Brown's Santa Fe trail material, and delineated the country to the front wall of the Rockies and Santa Fe with considerable accuracy… It is supposed that Isaac McCoy assisted in the making of this map. He had offered advice to Humphrey Phelps and his manuscript map that has been described apparently had considerable influence." Hand outline color indicates the regions for each tribe, with rivers, forts, and roads-including the Santa Fe trail-indicated with precision. The map extends as far south as the Red River and north well into Kansas. An important and scarce map of the Indian Territories. $850
"Colton's Map of Kansas, Nebraska, Dakota & Indian Territory." New York: G.W. and C.B. Colton & Co., 1866. 26 1/2 x 16 3/4. Lithograph. Original hand color. Edge of decorative border trimmed at left, as issued. Very good condition.
A map from just after the Civil War showing the American Plains. This region saw a large influx of settlers and travelers in this period and so such a map would have had great interest. The territories of Nebraska and Kansas were created in 1854 out of the old Missouri Territory. In 1861, Kansas attained statehood, while the Nebraska Territory (which didn't become a state until a yea after this map was issued) lost two-thirds of its land to the newly created Dakota Territory, and the territory of Colorado (shown here, though not mentioned in the title) was also created. The western parts of the states to the east, lining the Mississippi River, are shown with considerable development. The only similar area of settlement and county creation for the rest of the map occurs in eastern Texas and the eastern parts of Kansas and Nebraska. The western parts of that state and territory, along with Dakota and Colorado are depicted as relatively undeveloped. Considerable interesting information is shown, however, in these areas, with rivers, lakes, some topography, routes of explorers, forts, and the like. Three large Indian reservations are depicted in the Indian Territory, and Indian tribes are noted elsewhere. Of particular interest is the graphic portrayal of the "Great Route to California and Oregon via South Pass," extending from Omaha to Fort Laramie and beyond. A terrific map of this frontier land after the Civil War. $275
"Colton's Indian Territory." New York: G.W. & B.B. Colton & Co., 1876. Separately issued map on banknote paper. Ca 12 3/8 x 15. Lithograph. Original hand color (somewhat faded). Some wear and light stain along fold down middle. Expertly conserved and otherwise, very good condition.
In the United States during the nineteenth century, separately issued maps were published for the use of wagon and carriage drivers, railroad passengers, and steamboat voyagers in a new and rapidly developing country. The roughed conditions of travel insured much destruction of these little documents which were sold at inns and stations and called "Traveler's Companion" or "Stranger's Guide" or "Railroad Maps." They were often updated, sometimes an undetermined number of times within a single year, because demand for the best information was startlingly real. Thus, by their very nature they fulfill the primary role of published cartography. These are maps of great historic significance for the history of the United States, for they were the maps actually used during the nation's great expansion. They were made for lasting wear since the publishers used high grade paper, often bank note paper, and they were folded into leather and buckram covers. Everything about them, the ornamental borders, the fine calligraphy, and the precise detail, all present one of the best and most important graphic pictures of early America that remains to us.
This separately issued map of the Indian Territory. Formed as a result of the Indian Removal Act of 1830, the lands west of the Mississippi were set aside for the Indian Tribes forced to relocate from east of the Mississippi River. After the Civil War, the government forced the tribes into new treaties, gaining back some of the land for the government and allowing railroads to cross the territory (the Missouri , Kansas & Texas Railroad is shown on this map). This 1876 map shows the majority of the territory as belonging to various tribes, but the western panhandle is indicated as "Public Lands." Of course, soon, much other land was ceded to the government and by the late 1880s and 1890s, the newly named "Oklahoma Territory" was opened to settlement by non-Indians. Maps of the Indian Territory are quite rare, but separately issued maps of the territory are extremely scarce. This is a nice example. $825
"Indian Territory." Philadelphia: Wm.M. Bradley & Bro., 1887. 11 5/8 x 14 1/2. Lithograph. Original hand color. Very good condition.
After the Civil War, the government forced the tribes into new treaties, gaining back for the government some of the land previously set aside for the Indians and allowing railroads to cross the territory (the Missouri Pacific and Atlantic & Pacific lines are shown on this map). This resulted in a substantial area in the central part of the state in theory not connected to any tribe and owned by the U.S. government. This region of "unassigned" lands, popularly called "Oklahoma," was finally opened to whites in 1889, resulting in the great "land rush" of that year. From then on the lands set aside for the Indians were shrunk until in 1907 Oklahoma entered the Union as the 46th state. $165
"Oklahoma and Indian Territories." Chicago: Geo. F. Cram Co., ca. 1890s. 9 5/8 x 13. Colored cerograph. Very good condition.
A colorful, detailed map of Oklahoma and the Indian Territories from the latter part of the nineteenth century. The George Cram Company was an engraving and publishing firm from Chicago. In the mid-nineteenth century, the center of cartographic publishing was New York City, but in the 1880's this began to shift towards Chicago with the advent of the Rand, McNally and Cram firms. These firms were noted for their efficient output of precise maps filled with useful and up-to-date details on roads, towns, railroads, and so forth. $65
"Oklahoma." Lloyd Edwin Smith. From the Commercial Atlas of the World. Ed. by Frederick J. Branom. Chicago: Geographical Publishing Company, 1931. 9 5/8 x 13. Chromolithograph. Very good condition.
Large colored map of Oklahoma showing railroad lines, with index to counties and towns on reverse. Views on reverse showing Spavinaw Lake and downtown Tulsa. $55
See also maps of Western America
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