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[ Locations | Map themes & related | Cartographers ]
[ 19th century regional maps of the U.S. ]
An interesting map of the remnant of the old Northwest Territory, issued in Dr. R. Brooke's gazetteer of the world from 1812. The original Northwest Territory comprised essentially today's Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin. Ohio was made a state in 1803, and then by 1809 Indiana, Illinois and Michigan Territories were created, leaving a smaller Northwest Territory. That is the status as shown on this map, with the Michigan Territory encompassing just the lower peninsula. Of particular interest is the depiction of a large raised area in the middle of Michigan. This mistake first appeared on maps at the end of the seventeenth century, but still appears on this map over a century later, despite the fact that the lower peninsula has no such plateau. Also of note is the mistaken position of Lake Michigan's southern tip, shown too far north. As originally established, Ohio's northern border was supposed to run along the latitude line even with the bottom of Lake Michigan. Because of the error in that position, this line was thought to pass north of the mouth of the Maumee River, whereas in fact it would pass south of present-day Toledo. This mistake led, in the 1830s, to the "Toledo War" between Michigan and Ohio. It is most interesting to see this historic evidence of the cartographic mistake that had such an interesting result. $375
"The Upper Territories of the United States." From Carey's General Atlas. Philadelphia: Mathew Carey, 1814. 17 x 12 3/4. Engraving by Kneass & Delleker. Original outline hand color. Very good condition.
An excellent and important map of the old Northwest Territory. Published during the War of 1812, this map is from Carey's Atlas which represented the best American cartographic work of the period. Carey, an Irish immigrant, established the first American specialized cartographic publishing firm. He set up an elaborate cottage system of craftsmen for engraving, printing, and coloring his maps utilizing the best independent artists directed to a common end. Carey is important, then, not only for the excellent maps he produced, but for his setting the pattern for American map publishing, to be followed by the likes of John Melish and Henry S. Tanner.
When this map was issued, the area of the old Northwest Territory was still the frontier of the United States. This territory had been created in the lands to the north of the Ohio River, and it was broken into smaller territories, and then states, as settlement progressed. This map shows the situation in the region at the time, with Ohio and Indiana as states and Michigan and Illinois as separate territories. The current "Northwest Territory" is shown encompassing Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota. Within the region depicted, rivers, settlements, topography, Indian tribes and roads are all shown. A non-existent elevated ridge running from the south and encompassing much of the Michigan peninsula is shown, a cartographic myth that originated over a century earlier. $1,800
Thomas G. Bradford. "Michigan." From Samuel G. Goodrich's A General Atlas of the World. Boston: C.D. Strong, 1841. 14 1/4 x 11 3/8. Engraving by G.W. Boynton. Original hand color. Very good condition.
An attractive and early map of Michigan by Thomas Bradford. This map was first issued in the 1838 edition of Bradford's atlas, but this example appeared in Samuel Goodrich's atlas from 1841. The map shows Michigan just a few years after statehood, and it demonstrates the social, political and transportation situation at the time. Counties are named and indicated in contrasting shades, and rivers, lakes, and towns are precisely depicted. Most development at the time was in the south, which is where the few railroads and canals were located, as is nicely shown here. The upper peninsula comprised just one county, "Chippeway." A nice picture of Michigan near the middle of the nineteenth century. $350
Thomas G. Bradford. "Michigan." From A Universal Illustrated Atlas. Boston: Chares D. Strong., [1838]-1842. 14 1/4 x 11 3/8. Engraving by G.W. Boynton. Original hand color. Very good condition.
Another edition of Bradford's excellent map of Michigan, issued just a year later than the Goodrich edition (above). $350
H.S. Tanner. "A New Map of Michigan with its Canals, Roads & Distances." From Universal Atlas. Philadelphia: S. Augustus Mitchell, 1846. 14 3/4 x 11 3/4. Lithograph transfer from engraved plate by E.B. Dawson. Original hand-coloring. A few light stains in margins. Very good condition.
In 1846, S. Augustus Mitchell took over publication of H.S. Tanner's Universal Atlas, continuing the run of this important atlas. The maps were based on lithographic transfers of Tanner's engravings, but Mitchell updated the images to show the current political situation. This is a fine example of the atlas, showing Michigan just a decade after statehood. Topographical information, including towns, rivers, roads, etc. is clearly shown, and the counties are shaded with contrasting pastel shades. The map shows Michigan still with most settlement limited to the southern part of the state, though the upper peninsula now is comprised of six counties. The western-most part of the UP is shown in a small inset at left. Two tables list the distances by steamboat from Detroit to Fort Gratiot, and from Detroit to Fort Howard, an important bit of information in this period of increased immigration and travel in the American mid-west. It is obvious from the quality and attractive appearance of this map why Mitchell's firm became so important. $300
After H.S. Tanner. "A New Map of Michigan with its Canals, Roads & Distances." From Universal Atlas. Philadelphia: S. Augustus Mitchell, 1848. Copyright 1846 by H.N. Burroughs. 14 3/4 x 11 3/4. Lithograph transfer from engraved plate. Original hand-coloring. Very good condition.
A slightly later edition of Mitchell's map of Michigan, distinquished by the 1846 copyright by H.N. Burroughs. $300
After H.S. Tanner. "A New Map of Michigan with its Canals, Roads & Distances." From Universal Atlas. Philadelphia: S. Augustus Mitchell, 1849. 14 3/4 x 11 3/4. Lithograph transfer from engraved plate. Original hand-coloring. Very good condition.
The last of the Mitchell maps of Michigan based on Tanner. This map has the Burroughs copyright notice removed. $275
After H.S. Tanner. "A New Map of Michigan with its Canals, Roads & Distances." Philadelphia: Thomas, Cowperthwait & Co., 1850. 14 3/4 x 11 3/4. Lithograph transfer from engraved plate. Original hand-coloring. Small spot just outside image on right. Otherwise, very good condition.
In 1850, publication of the old Tanner atlas changed from Mitchell to Thomas, Cowperthwait & Co. $250
"Michigan." New York: J.H. Colton & Co., 1856. 15 1/2 x 12 3/4. Lithograph. Original hand color. Very good condition.
Around the middle of the nineteenth century, American cartographic dominence moved from Philadelphia to New York, and the J.H. Colton firm was one of the main reasons for this. This is their detailed map of the lower peninsula. The map contains a surprising amount of detail of the physical and social situation in Michigan shortly before the Civil War, at a time when immigrants from Europe were flooding into the mid-west. The development in the state, especially in the lower half, is profound and this map displays that graphically. Of particular note is the copious infomation on the transportation network of roads, canals,a nd railroads. A nice decorative border surrounds the map. $165
"Johnson's Michigan and Wisconsin ." New York: Johnson & Browning, 1860. 17 3/8 x 24. Lithograph. Original hand color. Some minor browing at edges; otherwise very good condition.
A detailed early map of Wisconsin and Michigan by A.J. Johnson. Johnson, who published out of New York City, was one of the leading cartographic publishers in the latter half of the century, producing popular atlases, geographies and so on. This finely detailed map is an good example of Johnson's, and thus early American, cartography. Towns, roads, and other signs of progressing settlement are indicated. The clear presentation of cartographic information and the warm hand coloring make this an attractive as well as interesting historical document. $175
County Map of Michigan, and Wisconsin." Philadelphia: S. Augustus Mitchell, Jr., 1860. 10 3/4 x 13 3/8. Lithograph. Bright original hand color. Very good condition.
The first of a series of attractive maps of the two parallel states by Philadelphia publisher S. Augustus Mitchell, Jr.. Typical of his maps, the detail is clearly presented, with special attention paid to the roads and railroads in these important mid-west states. Surrounded by a decorative border and with bright original color. $150
W.H. Gamble. "County Map of Michigan and Wisconsin." Philadelphia: S. Augustus Mitchell, Jr., 1863. 11 1/2 x 13 1/2. Lithograph. Original hand color. Very good condition.
The second version of Mitchell's map of Michigan and Wisconsin (cf. above). It appears that Mitchell felt that the scale was too small on the former version, for the states are shown increased in scale by about one third. Mitchell did this by showing less of the surrounding region, but also by having the states cross over his decorative border. With the larger size, the copious detail is easier to read. $125
Colton's Michigan." backed with "Colton's Lake Superior and the Northern part of Michigan." New York: G.W. & C.B. Colton, 1866. Lithographs. Each ca. 15 3/4 x 13. Original hand color. Very good condition.
A Colton map from a decade later, this with the upper peninsula backed on the map of the lower peninsula. The continued development of the state is graphically demonstrated by the even more dense detail, with railroads, roads and settlements progressively expanding in the northern parts of the state. $155
W.H. Gamble. "County Map of Michigan and Wisconsin." Philadelphia: S. Augustus Mitchell, Jr., 1867. 11 1/2 x 13 1/2. Lithograph. Original hand color. Very good condition.
A third version of Mitchell's map of Michigan and Wisconsin (cf. above). This is an updated version of the W.H. Gamble rendering of 1863. Besides a change in the border style, the main change is that there is considerably more railroads shown in southern Michigan, showing the development of that state. $125
"Map of the state of Michigan Showing Counties, Townships, Railroads, Stations etc." 1873. Lithograph. Original hand color. 23 x 14. Some light spotting throughout, some short marginal tears and manuscript notation in Lake Michigan. Overall, good appearance and condition.
This map does contain much information on the townships and counties, settlements, etc. of the state, but the focus is on the railroads. These are boldly outlined and stations marketed and named along all the routes. $150
Maps from Henry F. Walling's Atlas of the state of Michigan. Detroit: R.M. & S.T. Tachabury, 1873. Ca. 10 1/2 x 15. Lithographs. Original hand color. Occassional light spotting or stains, mostly in margins. A few with manuscript writing in margins. Overall, very good condition.
A series of colorful and informative maps of the counties of Michigan. It was in the 1870s that state atlases, comprised of detailed county maps, first began to appear. These were in response to the economic and social demands for those wanting to enact business dealings or travel in the states. One of the most important atlas producer of this period was H.F. Walling, who issued this, the first atlas of the state of Michigan. The boundaries of each county, and the townships within, are nicely set off with contrasting pastel shades applied with hand watercolor. These maps have excellent detail, precisely and neatly delineated. Topographic information such as towns, rivers, railroads and mountains are all depicted with great care. Aesthetically attractive and historically important, these are fine nineteenth century maps of Michigan.
Note: Each sheet has maps on both sides. Each sheet is listed multiple times so that each county depicted can be listed alphabetically.
Though the center of American mapmaking had moved to New York by the second half of the nineteenth century, the Gray firm was still publishing fine maps in Philadelphia. This is their map of the upper peninsula. By 1880, this section of the state was becoming more developed and this map clearly depicts the roads, railroads, and settlements in the region. $65
"Michigan." Philadelphia: O.W. Gray & Son, 1881. Copyright, G.W. & C.B. Colton, 1874. Lithograph. 23 1/4 x 16 1/4. Original hand color. Very good condition. Backed by maps of the upper penisula and Wisconsin.
A tall map of the entire state, reissued by the Gray firm from the Colton plate first published seven years previously. Detail is impressive, with each county and township indicated and named, and rivers and lakes depicted throughout. Of particular interest is the extensive network of railroad lines shown criss-crossing the state. $150
"Michigan." Chicago: Geographical Publishing Co., ca. 1920. 21 x 14 1/2. Cereograph, printed in color. Very good condition.
A nice early twentieth century map of the state by one of the chief rivals to the Rand, McNally Co.. The map is in two sections, with the upper peninsula on top, directly over the map of the lower peninsula. An inset shows Isle Royal. Good detail of roads, towns, and counties. $50
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